Background of the study
Online case studies have become an increasingly popular pedagogical tool in secondary school education, offering students the opportunity to engage with real-world scenarios in a digital format. In Lafia East LGA, Nasarawa State, the adoption of online case studies is seen as a strategic move to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application. These case studies provide a platform for students to analyze complex situations, explore multiple perspectives, and apply theoretical concepts to practical problems. The digital format enables interactive learning experiences by allowing students to collaborate, access multimedia resources, and receive instant feedback from educators (Watson, 2023). This method aligns with contemporary educational paradigms that prioritize experiential learning and problem-based instruction, fostering deeper understanding and retention of subject matter. Online case studies encourage active participation and critical thinking by simulating real-life challenges, thereby enhancing analytical skills and preparing students for future professional environments (Yates, 2024). Despite their potential, the effectiveness of online case studies depends on the quality of content, interactivity, and contextual relevance. Technical accessibility, digital literacy, and alignment with curricular objectives are also critical factors that influence outcomes (Zhang, 2025). This study aims to appraise the use of online case studies in secondary school education in Lafia East LGA by evaluating their impact on student learning and identifying best practices for their effective implementation.
Statement of the problem
Although online case studies hold significant promise for enhancing secondary school education, their implementation in Lafia East LGA faces notable challenges. Disparities in access to reliable internet connectivity and digital devices limit the consistent use of these tools across schools. Moreover, there is often a gap in educators’ training regarding the effective integration of case studies into the curriculum, resulting in variable instructional quality and student engagement (Anderson, 2023). In addition, the content of some online case studies may not align well with curricular requirements or local contexts, reducing their overall relevance and impact. The absence of standardized evaluation metrics for measuring the effectiveness of case studies further complicates efforts to assess their true value (Brown, 2024). Technical issues, including software compatibility and user interface challenges, can also disrupt the learning process, ultimately diminishing student participation and engagement. These obstacles collectively hinder the full potential of online case studies as a tool for developing critical thinking and problem-solving skills. A systematic appraisal is therefore necessary to identify these challenges and propose strategies to optimize the use of online case studies in secondary education (Clark, 2025).
Objectives of the study
• To appraise the effectiveness of online case studies in enhancing secondary school education in Lafia East LGA.
• To identify the challenges associated with the integration of online case studies in the curriculum.
• To recommend strategies for improving the implementation of online case studies to maximize their educational impact.
Research questions
• How effective are online case studies in enhancing student learning and critical thinking in secondary schools?
• What challenges do educators face in integrating online case studies into the curriculum?
• What strategies can be employed to optimize the use of online case studies in secondary education?
Research Hypotheses
• H1: The use of online case studies significantly improves students' critical thinking skills.
• H2: Limited technical support negatively affects the effective implementation of online case studies.
• H3: Alignment of case study content with curricular objectives enhances student engagement and learning outcomes.
Significance of the study
This study is significant as it appraises the use of online case studies in secondary school education in Lafia East LGA, Nasarawa State. The research provides insights into the effectiveness of digital case study methods in enhancing student critical thinking and problem-solving skills. The findings will inform educators and policymakers on best practices for integrating online case studies into the curriculum, ultimately leading to improved educational outcomes. By addressing the challenges and leveraging the benefits of this digital tool, the study contributes to the modernization of educational practices and the promotion of interactive learning environments.
Scope and limitations of the study
This study is limited to examining the use of online case studies in secondary school education within Lafia East LGA. It focuses exclusively on digital case study methods and does not extend to other online learning tools or traditional case study approaches. The research is confined to selected secondary schools in the region.
Definitions of terms
• Online Case Studies: Digital representations of real-life scenarios used to facilitate interactive and experiential learning.
• Secondary School Education: The stage of education following primary education, typically encompassing middle and high school levels.
• Critical Thinking: The ability to analyze and evaluate information to form reasoned judgments and solve problems.
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